perm filename LEWIS.NS[ESS,JMC] blob sn#128527 filedate 1974-11-04 generic text, type T, neo UTF8
a242  1147  03 Nov 74
Mideast Rdp 490
By The Associated Press
    A United Nations official went to the Egyptian town of Ismailia on
Sunday after Egypt asked that the U.N. Emergency Force vacate some of
its headquarters buildings there.
    The Jerusalem Post said observers feared the Cairo request was made
because of plans ''to build up Egypt's military potential in the
area'' and that the Egyptians were trying to have the UNEF
headquarters moved to Cairo.
    ''The question of U.N. EmergencyForce headquarters accommodation
at Ismailia has been raised, and the matter is under discussion,'' a
U.N. spokesman in New York said.
    He said the Egyptians want the buildings back in connection with
next spring's planned reopening of the canal and that the proposed
turnover does not mean the UNEF headquarters will be moved.
    The Israeli state radio reported that U.N. sources in Jerusalem
said the Egyptians requested two months ago that UNEF evacuate some
of its Ismailia buildings. The radio said that the Egyptians wanted
the buildings for the Suez Canal Authority.
    Under its Finnish commander Lt. Gen. Ensio Siilasvuo, UNEF has
policed an agreement worked out last winter by Secretary of State
Henry A. Kissinger to keep apart Israeli and Egyptian troops east of
the Suez. Ismailia, with the main UNEF headquarters, is on the
canal's western bank.
    Kissinger returns to the Middle East Tuesday for talks to try and
save his peace mission in light of Arab summit decisions in Rabat,
Morocco, that strengthened the position of Palestinian guerrillas.
    At Rabat, the Arab leaders designated the Palestine Liberation
Organization the sole legitimate representative for the area's 3
million Palestinians. A PLO spokesman said Saturday the summit
rejected Kissinger's plan, which he called ''sheer nonsense.'' He
said the Arabs were preparing for a fifth war with Israel.
    A spokesman for the Egyptian Foreign Ministry said Cairo ''still
holds to the Kissinger step-by-step approach. ... We welcome any step
forward and will do our utmost to persuade other Arab countries to go
along with it.''
    He did not rule out that a possible secret agreement was reached at
the Arab summit to allow Egyptian President Anwar Sadat to do
whatever he considers in Egypt's interest now that the Palestinians
are a separate entity in the situation.
    Egyptian officials would not speulate on Sadat's thoughts, but
diplomatic sources said the Egyptian president messaged Kissinger the
outcome of the summit and asked that he return to the area.
    The sources said the American diplomat will test the ground in
Egypt and other Middle East capitals, then return to Washington to
reassess U.S. policy with President Ford and other top advisers.
    Kissinger repeatedly asserted over the weekend there had been no
change in the U.S. view on the Palestinians. But the semiofficial
Cairo newspaper Al Ahram said Sunday: ''It is clear that the United
States may in the end recognize the PLO, if it abandons its extremist
policies, so as to save Kissinger's diplomacy.''
    
1445pES 11-03
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a269  1358  03 Nov 74
Mideast Rdp ADD 170
UNDATED Mideast Rdp a242 add: diplomacy.''
    The Israeli cabinet Sunday discussed for three hours the Rabat
decision on the PLO and decided that Premier Yitzhak Rabin will make
a major policy statement in Parliament Tuesday on the subject.
    Yasir Arafat, head of the PLO, told Time magazine in an interview
the United Nations must bring pressure to bear on Israel,
''otherwise, a catastrophe is coming to this area.''
    He said that in six months the Israelis will be ''politically and
militarily in a position to demolish the effects of the October war''
and ''intend to make a pre-emptive strike against the Syrians and
Palestinians to begin the fifth Arab-Israeli war.''
    Arafat said he would be prepared to talk with Kissinger. The United
States, he added, ''holds the key to Israel.''
    The PLO leader accused Israel of trying to use the energy crisis
for blackmail ''to convince the West that they can be the spearhead
of what is called the military solution.''
    ''I sincerely hope the Americans will not make the mistake'' of
intervening militarily to secure th oil fields, he added.
    
1657pES 11-03
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a293  1615  03 Nov 74
Mideast Insert 40
UNDATED Mideast a242 Insert after 3rd graf: York said.
 
    The spokesman said Eguptian Ambassador Ahmed Abdel Meguid has
discussed the request with U.N. Secretary-General Kurt Waldheim and
is scheduled to meet with Undersecretary-General Brian Urquhart on
the matter Monday in New York.
 
He said: 4th graf a242
    
1909pES 11-03
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a277  1433  03 Nov 74
$ADV 05
ADV Tues AMs Nov. 5
Sugar and Oil 440 2 takes 840
By JOSH FITZHUGH
AP Business Writer
    NEW YORK (AP) - Sugar and oil are both stories of prices profits
and pocketbook pain in 1974.
    Prices, because worldwide shortages of both energy sources have
caused crude oil and raw sugar prices to rise by more than 400 per
cent in a year, pulling retail prices up with them.
    Profits, because producers and some refiners of both commodities
have reaped tremendous windfalls.
    And pain, because the consumer has had to pay the price. Try as he
can, the public hasn't been able to cut demand or find alternatives
fast enough.
    Nor is the prospect brighter for the consumer in 1975. Experts
doubt the producing nations' oil cartel can be broken soon, or that
sugar supplies will soon creep up to meet demand.
    ''It's fairly gloomy for supplies and prices,'' notes John
Casstevens, sugar analyst for Reynolds Securities in New York. ''If
sugar prices were going to decline, they'd be declining right now.''
    Last Friday the spot price for raw sugar on domestic markets was
around 45 cents a pound, over four times the 9.55 cents recorded a
year ago. On the retail level sugar has increased from around 75
cents a five-pound bag to as much as $2.50 a bag today.
    Likewise free world crude oil prices have skyrocketed, from around
$3.50 a barrel last fall to as high as $12 a barrel last summer.
Gasoline prices, as drivers well know, have nearly doubled in some
areas.
    At first many analysts attributed the sharp rise in oil prices to
supply and demand factors, but with consumption down and prices still
high, most are now placing the blame at the feet of the producing
nations, whose organization of petroleum exporting countries serves
as a classic marketers' cartel.
    In sugar, despite similar reliance on supplies from many developing
nations, like Brazil and Cuba, most experts point rather to a classic
supply-demand scenario.
    For four years, because of unfavorable prices and inclement
weather, says Casstevens, world consumption has exceeded world
production, forcing companies to dip into inventories and placing
upward pressure on prices.
    Curiously, though, analysts say the oil producers have also
contributed to higher sugar prices. ''The Arabs have been buying
very, very heavily, more than ever before,'' says Marvin Gelles,
assistant to the director of the Sugar Division of the U.S.
Department of Agriculture.
    The oil nations have the money to spend, Gelles explains, and they
want to improve the living conditions of their own people.'' The
amount of Arab purchasing is difficult to ascertain, though some say
it's up 25 per cent from a year ago.
    MORE
    
1732pES 11-03
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a308  2000  03 Nov 74
Advances moved this cycle:
    New York - Sugar and Oil, Nov. 5, a277-278
    Burbank - TV Week, Nov. 17, a531-532
    New York - Theater Week, Nov. 17, a533-534
    Des Moines - Disabled Vets, Nov. 17, a550-551-552
    Moscow - Moscow Commuting, Nov. 10, a514-515
    New York - Tiny Tim, Nov. 10, a547
    Guernsey, Wyo. - Hitchhiking, Nov. 10, a548-549
    The AP
    
2255pES 11-03
***************

N042  1523  03 Nov 74
 
LEWIS COLUMN
EDITORS
   PLEASE IDENTIFY THE FOLLOWING AS COMMENTARY.
 
                   ABROAD AT HOME
                 ON THE STATE OF MAN
 
                   BY ANTHONY LEWIS
             (C) 1974 NEW YORK TIMES NEWS SERVICE
   BOSTON, NOV. 3--IN WESTERN EUROPE, WHICH MANY WOULD CONSIDER A
DENSELY POPULATED AREA, THERE ARE NOW ABOUT 85 PEOPLE PER SQUARE
KILOMETER.  SOUTH ASIA, ON THE MOST CAUTIOUS ESTIMATES OF 
POPULATION GROWTH, WILL (ITALICS) ADD (END ITALICS) 140 PEOPLE
PER SQUARE KILOMETER OVER THE NEXT 25 YEARS.
   THERE IS VIRTUALLY  NO  UNUSED FARMLAND IN INDIA, BANGLADESH,
PAKISTAN, SRI LANKA.  THE CHANCE OF THEIR OBTAINING THE CAPITAL
FOR INTENSIVE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURE ON THE SCALE NEEDED TO
FEED THE INDICATED POPULATION IS NEAR ZERO.  TO AVOID STARVATION
DEATHS IN THE TENS OF MILLIONS, SOUTH ASIA WILL DEPEND 
INCREASINGLY ON OUTSIDE FOOD AID.  BY EARLY IN THE NEXT CENTURY,
ON THE POPULATION PROJECTIONS, THE AID NEEDED WOULD EQUAL
TOTAL U.S. AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION.
   THOSE TWO PARAGRAPHS ARE ABSTRACTED FROM A RECENT SPEECH BY
DR. PHILIP HANDLER, PRESIDENT OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES.
MANY OF US HAVE HAD THE EXPERIENCE OF READING SOMETHING THAT
DISPELLED COMFORTABLE ASSUMPTIONS AND FORCED US TO OPEN OUR MINDS.
THAT HAPPENED TO ME IN READING DR. HANDLER'S SPEECH, "ON THE
STATE OF MAN."
   THE FUNDAMENTAL PROBLEM ADDRESSED BY DR. HANDLER IS THE
PRESSURE OF GROWING POPULATION AND PRODUCTION ON THE WORLD'S
RESOURCES--AND ON MAN'S ORGANIZATIONAL CAPACITY.  THERE ARE NOW
FOUR BILLION PEOPLE ON EARTH.  THE NUMBER IS DOUBLING ABOUT EVERY
35 YEARS.  THE POOR ARE GROWING VERY MUCH FASTERTHAN THE RICH,
AND A NEW STUDY BY THE ENVIRONMENTAL FUND (CAPS E,F) SHOWS THAT
THE RATE OF POPULATION GROWTH HAS ACTUALLY INCREASED IN SOME
LESS-DEVELOPED COUNTRIES DESPITE "FAMILY PLANNING" PROGRAMS.
   THE PROBLEM IS MOST ACUTE, BY FAR, IN SOUTH ASIA.  RESOURCES
THERE ARE SCARCE, THE POPULATION HUGE AND GROWING, THE PROSPECT
OF MULTIPLYING FOOD PRODUCTION DIM.
   DR. HANDLER RAISES THE POSSIBILITY THAT THE DEVELOPED WORLD
MAY SIMPLY DECIDE TO "FORGET" THE COUNTRIES OF SOUTH ASIA--"TO
GIVE THEM UP AS HOPELESS."  THEN, HE SAYS, "THE ADJUSTMENTS
REQUIRED BY THE REST OF THE WORLD AS HUMANITY SEEKS TO COME INTO
EQUILIBRIUM WITH OUR HOST PLANET WILL STILL BE SEVERE BUT CAN BE
FEASIBLE, AND ONE CAN LOOK TO THE PROSPECT OF A DECENT STANDARD
OF LIVING FOR THE REST OF MANKIND--ASSUMING, OF COURSE, THAT THE
DEVELOPING NATIONS OF LATIN AMERICA AND AFRICA WILL SOON ADOPT
EFFECTIVE POPULATION POLICIES."   
   HE EVIDENTALLY WOULD LIKE TO SEE A MASSIVE PROGRAM OF AID AND
DEVELOPMENT FOR THE COUNTRIES OF SOUTH ASIA.  BUT IF WE DO  NOT
DO THAT, HE SAYS AS A SCIENTIST THAT IT WOULD BE BETTER TO DO
NOTHING--BECAUSE A LESSER EFFORT WOULD BE "COUNTER-PRODUCTIVE."
IT WOULD ENCOURAGE CONTINUED POPULATION GROWTH--AND MORE DEATHS
LATER.
   "CRUEL AS IT MAY SOUND," DR. HANDLER SAYS, "IF THE DEVELOPED
NATIONS DO  NOT  INTEND THE COLOSSAL ALL-OUT EFFORT COMMENSURATE
WITH THIS TASK, THEN IT MAY BE WISER TO LET NATURE TAKE ITS COURSE
AS ARISTOTLE DESCRIBED IT:  'FROM TIME TO TIME IT IS NECESSARY
THAT PESTILANCE, FAMINE AND WAR PRUNE THE LUXURIENT GROWTH OF THE
HUMAN RACE.'"
   EVEN WITHOUT COUNTING SOUTH ASIA, DR. HANDLER SAYS, THE RICH
COUNTRIES WILL HAVE TO DIVERT IMMENSE AMOUNTS OF CAPITAL TO THE
LESS DEVELOPED WORLD IF THEY WANT TO AVERT ECONOMIC DISASTER,
DANGEROUS RESENTMENTS AND GROWING TERRORISM.  THAT MEANS CUTTING
BACK THEIR OWN DEVELOPMENT--PERHAPS EVEN AN ABSOLUTE DECLINE IN
PER CAPITA INCOME IN THE DEVELOPED COUNTRIES.
   IT IS DIFFICULT TO SUGGEST THE SCOPE OF DR. HANDLER'S VISION
IN A NEWSPAPER COLUMN.  HIS DISCUSSION OF THE FOOD PROBLEM IS
ONLY ONE PART OF A LARGE CANVAS.  HE SEES FAMINE, CLIMATIC
CHANGES, INFLATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE AS WARNING SIGNALS
OF BASIC DISLOCATION IN MAN'S RELATIONSHIP TO EARTH.  ESSENTIALLY
HE IS PLEADING WITH THOSE WHO HAVE MONEY AND POWER, ESPECIALLY
AMERICANS, TO ABANDON THE ILLUSION THAT THEY CAN GO ON AS THEY
HAVE, MULTIPLYING NUMBERS AND APPETITES.
   THE DREAM OF PERPETUAL GROWTH AND PROSPERITY FOR A LUCKY FEW
ON EARTH IS EXCEPTIONALLY DIFFICULT TO DISPEL.  WHEN STUDIES
SUGGESTED THAT THERE WERE PROBLEMS IN THE NOTION OF AN ENDLESS
UPWARD CURVE--THAT MAN WAS ALREADY ENCOUNTERING PHYSICAL AND
PSYCHOLOGICAL LIMITS--THERE WAS A RUSH TO DISMISS IT ALL AS THE
WORK OF COMPUTER MECHANICS.  MANY MAINTAIN THEIR DESPERATE
CHEERFULNESS EVEN NOW, AMID ALL THE SIGNS OF ECONOMIC AND
POLITICAL STRAIN IN THE WORLD.
   MY FAVORITE RECENT EXAMPLE OF DESPERATE OPTIMISM WAS AN
ARTICLE IN THE ECONOMIST OF LONDON LAST SUMMER MOCKING THE
CONCERN ABOUT RESOURCES AND THE ENVIRONMENT.  WHY IF ALL COUNTRIES
GREW FOOD AS EFFICIENTLY AS THE NETHERLANDS DOES TODAY, THE
ARTICLE SAID, THE WORLD WOULD HAVE ENOUGH TO FEED 60 BILLION
PEOPLE; IT WOULD BE BURIED UNDER RICE THREE FEET DEEP.
   THERE WAS ONLY ONE LITTLE PROBLEM THAT THE ECONOMIST FORGOT
IN ITS VISION OF A BOUNDLESS FUTURE:  ENERGY.  IF EVERY
COUNTRY POURED OIL AND FERTILIZER INTO ITS AGRICULTURAL 
PRODUCTION AS THE NETHERLANDS DOES, ALMOST ALL THE WORLD'S
AVAILABLE ENERGY SUPPLY WOULD HAVE TO BE USED FOR FARMING ALONE.
THE PROSPECT IS ABOUT AS REALISTIC AS RAISING EVERYONE TO AN
AMERICAN STANDARD OF LIVING--WHICH DR. HANDLER NOTES WOULD
REQUIRE US TO MULTIPLY OUR USE OF CRITICAL MINERALS, MANY ALREADY
IN SHORT SUPPLY, BY SEVENTEEN.
   IT WILL BE DIFFICULT TO DISMISS PHILIP HANDLER AS A CRANKY
CRIER OF DOOM.  HE IS A RESPECTED BIOCHEMIST, AN EMINENT ADVISER
TO GOVERNMENTS, A MAN OF WIDE EXPERIENCE AND COMMON SENSE.  HIS
VOICE IS  NOT  SO MUCH GLOOMY AS UNCOMPROMISINGLY REALISTIC.
HOW GOOD IT WOULD BE IF SOME POLITICAL LEADERS HEARD HIS VOICE
AND UNDERSTOOD, INSTEAD OF PINNING BUTTONS ON THEMSELVES AND
INSISTING THAT ALL WILL SOON AGAIN BE FOR THE BEST IN THIS BEST
OF ALL POSSIBLE WORLDS.
Z/JB621PED
***************

a018  2309  03 Nov 74
Offshore Oil Bjt 440, Two Takes 540
With Wirephoto WX4
Bybenjamin
Associated Press Writer
    WASHINGTON (AP) - The Ford administration has quietly started
backing off from former President Richard M. Nixon's orders to lease
10 million offshore acres a year for oil and gas development,
starting in 1975.
    Last January, Interior Secretary Rogers C. B. Morton talked of
leasing ''10 million acres a year for a couple of years''.
    Last Friday, in an exclusive interview, Morton said that goal
spurred preparations for increased leasing, but ''I'm not aiming
today at 10 million acres. I'm aiming to find out where the oil is,
and where it is not.''
    Deputy undersecretary Jared G. Carter also declined in a recent
interview to stand by the 10-million acre goal.
    Their caution contrasts sharply with Nixon's unmistakable command,
expressed in an energy message to Congress last Jan. 23:
    ''Today I am directing the Secretary of the Interior to increase
the acreage leased on the Outer Continental Shelf to 10 million acres
beginning in 1975, more than tripling what had originally been
planned.''
    Only last August, Carter sent a memo on behalf of Undersecretary
John C. Whitaker, ordering preparations for ''ten million acres
leased in 1975, not just 10 million acres offered.''
    But when Morton was asked, last Sept. 16, if the policy was still
to lease 10 million acres a year for three or four years, he said it
was the 1975 goal but ''not a mandatory amount.
    ''It may be that we can select diverse, but very attractive tracts
. . . that would result in more efficient use of exploratory rigs
available,'' Morton said.
    Asked the same question on the next day, Carter said, ''Our goal is
to find oil, not lease acres. So we will try to get into the best
areas first.''
    What happened between the bold determination of mid-August and the
sudden caution of mid-September?
    One thing that happened was the publication of a report by the
National Petroleum Council, an industry-government advisory group.
    That report said there would not be enough drilling rigs, tubular
steel, or skilled manpower to explore and develop five million acres
a year, let alone 10.
    Asked if there are enough drilling rigs for 10 million new offshore
acres in 1975, Carter said, ''I don't think it's possible now to say
with certainty that rigs will be available or not available. To hold
back leasing now does not get on with the job.''
    The goal of leasing now clearly has changed from an expectation of
rapid development of untouched ''frontier areas'' off the Atlantic,
Pacific and Alaskan coasts, to the hope that they can, at least, be
exlored.
    MORE
    
0208aES 11-04
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a020  2312  03 Nov 74
Editors Note
    Please disregard the budget slug on the Offshore Oil story from
Washington, which moved as a018-019.
    The AP
    
0211aES 11-04
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a023  2331  03 Nov 74
Alaska Campaigning Bjt 390, 2 Takes 770
By TAD BARTIMUS
Associated Press Writer
    ALAKANUK, Alaska (AP) - Through the rain-splattered cockpit window,
the little clearing in the wilderness looked too short. Bushes marked
the beginning and a smattering of rocks guarded the end.
    But the pilot, an Alaskan born and bred, had faith in his own skill
and the sleek little airplane which heaved in muted agony in the
fog-choked sky.
    ''We're going down,'' came the warning from the left seat.
Instinctively, the parka-bundled man on the right cinched the flimsy
belt around his middle.
    Wheels touched, pebbles flew everywhere, the brakes held. A United
States congressman crawled out of the twin-engine Aerostar and
announced in a jocular voice:
    ''Welcome to Alakanuk International.''
    Then Don Young reached for his wife Lu's mitten and began trudging
through the snow in search of a hand to shake.
    Across America, incumbents are defending and challengers are
attacking. Everybody who's running for anything is out stumping for
votes.
    But in Alaska, where campaigning spans four times zones and the
equivalent of the 2,400 miles from Savannah to San Diego, it's easier
said than done.
    The fewer than 400,000 whites, blacks, Aleuts, Eskimos and Indians
who live in villages, towns and cities sprinkled across a state
one-fifth the size of the Lower 48 send only one person to the House.
    So Young and his Democratic opponent, Willie Hensley, are locked in
one of the most unusual duels in this election year. Not only are
they battling each other, they also are fighting cold and snow,
cantankerous airplane engines and ice, and a 586,432-square-mile
district.
    Not only must they go door to door, they must go village to
village, ocean to ocean. They must suffer through fear when their
wings ice up and beg a bed on the floor from strangers. They must
know the price of a barrel of precious fuel oil in Emmonak and
knowledgeably discuss the international energy crisis at cocktail
parties in Anchorage. They must display polish for big-city
television spots and hire translators to talk to natives who never
have seen the tube.
    Young has served 19 months in the U.S. House, a successor to the
late Nick Begich, who disappeared in a light plane while campaigning
two years ago.
    More
    
0230aES 11-04
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